Optical Imaging

Medical optical imaging comprises a range of techniques that use light to visualise tissue structure and function, supporting both diagnosis and therapy. Endoscopic systems integrated into robotic surgery provide illuminated, high-definition views of internal anatomy, enabling precise, minimally invasive procedures. Optical Coherence Tomography delivers high-resolution cross-sectional imaging in ophthalmology and cardiology, while photoacoustic imaging combines laser excitation with ultrasound detection to characterise vascular and tumour biology. Diffuse optical tomography applies near-infrared light to study cerebral haemodynamics, and Raman spectroscopy analyses molecular composition for early cancer detection. Super-resolution microscopy techniques such as PALM reveal cellular detail beyond conventional limits. Emerging approaches, including terahertz tomography, continue to expand the capabilities of light-based imaging in modern medicine.

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