The Evolution of Robotic Surgery: Revolutionising Surgical Procedures with Advanced Technology and Precision

Robotic surgery, a rapidly evolving field within the medical industry, has been transforming how surgical procedures are performed. Also known as computer-assisted surgery, this innovative approach combines advanced technology and human expertise to offer unparalleled precision, accuracy, and control in the operating room. As a result, robots have been a game-changer in various medical disciplines, providing patients with less invasive treatment options and improving surgical outcomes.

Background and Development: The journey of robotic surgery began in the 1980s with the PUMA 560, a robotic arm initially used for neurosurgical procedures. As technology progressed, Intuitive Surgical’s da Vinci Surgical System emerged as the frontrunner in this field, receiving FDA approval in 2000. Since then, various robotic surgical systems have been developed, catering to different specializations and improving the quality of care provided to patients worldwide.

Benefits of using Robots:

• The dexterity offered by robotic systems allows surgeons to perform intricate manoeuvres with remarkable precision. This leads to reduced tissue damage, minimal blood loss, and lower chances of complications.
• Robotic surgical systems provide high-definition 3D images, enabling surgeons to navigate the surgical site with improved clarity and depth perception.
• Robotic surgery typically requires smaller incisions than traditional open surgery, leading to less scarring and quicker patient recovery.
• Robotic systems alleviate the physical strain on surgeons by allowing them to operate seated, reducing fatigue and ensuring steadiness throughout the procedure.

Robotic surgery has found applications in various medical disciplines, such as:

• Robotic systems are used in hernia repairs, cholecystectomies, and colorectal surgeries.
• Used in urology for prostatectomies, nephrectomies, and bladder surgeries are performed using robotic assistance.
• Robotic surgery is employed for hysterectomies, myomectomies, and endometriosis treatments.
• Minimally invasive cardiac surgeries, such as mitral valve repairs and coronary artery bypass grafting, are performed with robotic assistance.

Challenges and Future Prospects: Despite their numerous advantages, robots have some limitations. The high cost of acquiring and maintaining robotic systems is a significant barrier for many healthcare institutions. Additionally, the learning curve for surgeons can be steep, requiring extensive training and experience to master the technology.