Medical Imaging Modalities

Medical imaging modalities are fundamental to modern diagnostics, enabling clinicians to visualise anatomy and physiology with remarkable precision. These techniques employ diverse energy sources, each suited to specific clinical questions. X-rays underpin radiography and mammography, supporting fracture assessment and early cancer detection, while computed tomography provides detailed cross-sectional imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to generate high-contrast views of soft tissues. Ultrasound provides real-time imaging in obstetrics and cardiology, whereas nuclear medicine techniques, such as positron emission tomography, reveal metabolic and functional processes. Hybrid systems, including PET/CT, integrate anatomical and molecular information to accurately localise disease. Together, these technologies shape diagnosis, treatment planning and therapeutic monitoring across contemporary healthcare.

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